While regional mortality inequalities in Germany tend to be relatively stable in the short run, over the course of the … past century marked changes have occurred in the country’s regional mortality patterns. These changes include not only the … southern regions had the lowest. Today, this mortality pattern is reversed. In this paper, we study these long-term trends in …

countries, and accounting for historical gains against the standard deviation raises the total value of mortality declines …

national income, using estimated mortality rates of early European settlers to instrument capital expropriation risk. However … 36 of the 64 countries in their sample are assigned mortality rates from other countries, typically based on mistaken or … conflicting evidence. Also, incomparable mortality rates from populations of laborers, bishops, and soldiers - often on campaign …