corruption. On the one hand, if we assume that the goal of criminals involved in corruption is to minimize the probability of … being detected, then corruption represents a demand for money laundering (trigger effect), while money laundering can serve … as an effective way to clean the revenue from corruption for re-investment (multiplier effect). On the other hand …

hypothesis is put to an empirical test focusing on a particular kind of crime, namely corruption. In order to test it, it was … show that de facto independence of prosecution agencies robustly reduces corruption of officials. …

We study how policies limiting the spending capacity of local governments may reduce corruption. We exploit the … both recorded corruption rates and corruption charges per euro spent. This effect emerges only in areas in which the DSP … put a binding cap on municipal capital expenditures. The reduction in corruption is linked to accountability incentives as …

I examine whether elections influence perceived corruption in the public sector. Perceived corruption in the public … sector is measured by the reversed Transparency International’s Perception of Corruption Index (CPI). The dataset includes … perceived corruption in the public sector increased before elections. The effect is especially pronounced before early elections …