Adding to the literature on factors driving corruption and bribery, this paper examines the effect of contestability in …

of corruption in a nation after joining the Union has not been formally studied. Any nation that joins the European Union … potentially faces two different and opposite effects on corruption. On the one hand, there are reasons to believe that corruption … is going to decrease because of the efforts of the EU to fight corruption or because of the opening of the markets to …

of corruption in a nation after joining the Union has not been formally studied. Any nation that joins the European Union … potentially faces two different and opposite effects on corruption. On the one hand, there are reasons to believe that corruption … is going to decrease because of the efforts of the EU to fight corruption or because of the opening of the markets to …

Adding a new dimension to determinants of corruption, this paper examines the effectiveness of enforcement in reducing … corruption. We compare the influences of latent enforcement (police, judicial, and prosecutorial employment) versus actual … enforcement to combat corruption by increasing enforcement employment is ineffective, rather comprehensive improvements in …

Studying a relatively under-researched aspect in economics, this paper examines the nexus between corruption and … academic freedom. Our main hypothesis is that greater corruption undermines academic freedom and we test this hypothesis using … the direct and indirect (through corruption) effects of various drivers of academic freedom. Finally, additional insights …

and institutional weakness (corruption) aspects. Results, based on data from more than 131 nations, show that strengthened … supply chains reduced donations. The impacts of corruption and logistics performance likely persisted from pre-COVID times … vaccine deals. Finally, donations received through COVAX were driven by qualitatively similar factors, except corruption did …

dimensions, is broadly consistent with the greasing effects of corruption. While the study uses data from a single nation that is …