panel dataset of firms that are publicly traded in France, Germany, and Italy. Controlling for either permanent unobserved …&D in France and Germany is remarkably similar both to each other and to that in the US or the UK during the same period In …

investigate the motives of the contributing firms as well as the potential for such commons to encourage innovation and diffusion … knowledge management that combine open innovation and patenting …

on patents as an incentive for innovation, the effectiveness of patents for invention disclosure, patent valuation, and …

Evidence on the "funding gap" for investment innovation is surveyed. The focus is on financial market reasons for …

I survey some recent research on the role of patents in encouraging innovation and growth in developing economies … discuss research on the implications of patents for international technology transfer and domestic innovation. This is … performance, and the impact on pharmaceutical patenting and domestic innovation. The conclusion suggests that patents may be …