innovation—in the sense that research can be directed to either clean or dirty technologies. If dirty technologies are more … technologies. Carbon taxes and research subsidies may nonetheless encourage production and innovation in clean technologies, though … US energy sector. The model's quantitative implications match a range of moments not targeted in the estimation quite …

Germany was divided after World War II, many firms in the machine tool industry fled the Soviet occupied zone to prevent … expropriation. We show that the regional location decisions of these firms upon moving to western Germany were driven by non …

agglomeration of US innovation. This study applies an ethnic-name database to individual US patent records to explore these trends …

indicate that increases in the share of a firm's innovation performed by inventors of a particular ethnicity are associated …

This chapter reviews academic research on the connections between agglomeration and innovation. We first describe the … conceptual distinctions between invention and innovation. We then describe how these factors are frequently measured in the data …, industrial diversity) that theoretical and empirical work link to innovation, and we discuss factors that help sustain these …

We review the recent literature on the financing of innovation, inclusive of large companies and new startups. This … related to innovation. We highlight the new literature on learning and experimentation across multi-stage innovation projects … innovation and changing external conditions, especially reduced experimentation costs …

High-skilled immigrants are a very important component of U.S. innovation and entrepreneurship. Immigrants account for … home country remains unclear. We know very little about return migration of workers engaged in innovation and …

This paper reviews recent academic work on the spatial concentration of entrepreneurship and innovation in the United … identify and discuss policies that are being pursued in the United States to encourage local entrepreneurship and innovation …