immigration flows from EU and non-EU origins. While OLS estimates reveal the existence of a moderate correlation for non-EU … zero causal impact of UBS on immigration. All estimates for immigrants from EU origins indicate that flows within the EU …

responding to changing labor shortages across countries, skill-groups or industries. The diversity across EU member states … enables us to test this hypothesis across various institutional, economic and policy contexts. Drawing on the EU LFS and EU … shortages exceeds that of natives in the EU15, in particular in member states with higher unemployment rates, higher levels of …

. We undertake an empirical analysis and find that immigration has contributed to reducing inequality within the 25 EU … countries over the 2003-2017 period. As the EU attracted relatively highly qualified immigrants throughout this period, our …