In this paper, we extend the growth model to include firm-specific technology capital and use it to assess the gains … from opening to foreign direct investment. A firm's technology capital is its unique know-how from investing in research … and development, brands, and organization capital. What distinguishes technology capital from other forms of capital is …

Are market-based or bank-based financial systems better at financing the expansion of industries that depend heavily on … external finance, facilitating the formation of new establishments, and improving the efficiency of capital allocation across … overall financial development boost industry growth, new establishment formation, and efficient capital allocation, having a …

In Capital in the 21st Century, Thomas Piketty uses the market value of tradeable assets to measure both productive … capital and wealth. As a measure of wealth this is problematic because it ignores the value of human capital and transfer … assets. The approach also incorrectly identifies capital gains due to reduced discount rates as increases in the capital …

information technology and the computer age, induced firms to shift away from labor and toward capital. The lower price of … influencing factor shares such as increasing profits, capital-augmenting technology growth, and the changing skill composition of …

on the financing of 1157 worldwide private equity deals from 1980 to 2008. Buyout leverage is cross-sectionally unrelated … availability of financing impacts booms and busts in the private equity market, and that agency problems between private equity … funds and their investors can affect buyout capital structures …

constraint. Our evidence indicates that constrained firms planned deeper cuts in tech spending, employment, and capital spending …

firms experience high costs of capital that are only partly mitigated by the presence of venture capital, the evidence for … high costs of R&D capital for large firms is mixed. Nevertheless, large established firms do appear to prefer internal … funds for financing such investments and they manage their cash flow to ensure this. Evidence shows that there are limits to …

exposures to NBFI and dollar funding, with less priority for regulations focused on residency (i.e., capital controls). After …