Many previous studies document a robust premium for value versus growth stocks in international markets. We show that this premium is driven by few years where High Minus Low (HML) returns are high and significant. For instance, for 12 European markets the HML return is statistically...

This article examines the relative influence of the US, UK and Japan on Middle Eastern Emerging Markets (MEEMs). The empirical results, from maximum likelihood regressions, Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity (GARCH) models and Vector Autoregression (VAR) estimates, provide...

We analyse the performance of a large sample of Socially Responsible (SR) stocks relative to a Control Sample (CS) of equivalent size for 14 years. We find that individual SR stocks have on average significantly lower returns and unconditional variance than CS stocks when controlling for...