This paper is built upon previous work concerning how three factors—an upper echelon’s compensation, the total compensation level of a chief executive officer (CEO), and compensation gaps between a CEO and a top management team (TMT)—affect a firm’s international expansion level. Using...

Using a data set of 220 Taiwanese public firms with 2,200 observations over a ten-year period representing Taiwan’s economic takeoff period in the late 1990s, as well as six follow-up interviews conducted with top managers several years hence, this research examines the propensity of an...