This paper empirically examines the relationship between population growth and economic growth in Indonesia by considering lagged fertility and net migration as potential explanatory variables. In this way, we successfully differentiate the short-run and long-run effects of population growth on...

Inefficient pricing of energy products has become common feature of governments in many oil exporting developing countries. As developing countries, this can be justified only when the increased growth results from such higher energy consumption. To this end, the study examined the direction of...