Previous studies on traffic congestion have emphasized supply-side instruments, such as the expansion of road capacity and improving the management of traffic. However, researchers on transportation have identified several paradoxes in which the usual remedy for congestion-expanding the road...

Zipf's law has two striking regularities: excellent fit and an exponent close to 1.0. When the exponent equals 1.0, Zipf's law collapses into the rank-size rule. This paper alters the sample size, the truncation point, and the mix of cities in the sample to analyze the Zipf exponent. Our results...