We answer the question posed by the title by specifying and estimating a simple dynamic model of prices, wages, and … product-market and labor-market shocks on prices and nominal wages and to quantify the sources of U.S. pandemic-era inflation …, most of the inflation surge that began in 2021 was the result of shocks to prices given wages. These shocks included sharp …

decisions in Germany, in particular disability benefit uptake. We show that financial incentives to retire do affect sick …

study a reform in Germany that abruptly abolished this mandate for certain firms incorporated after August 1994 but locked …