In contrast to unemployment, the effect of non-participation and parttime employment on subjective well-being has much … involuntarily out of the labor force or in part-time employment because of family constraints (e.g., due to lack of available and … involuntary familyrelated non-participation and part-time employment on mothers' life satisfaction. Controlling for unobserved …

can affect the decision to join a trade union. Furthermore, a shift in risk attitudes can alter collective bargaining … that an overall increase in risk aversion contributes to wage moderation and promotes employment. …