We use longitudinal individual wage and employment data in France and the United States to investigate the effect of …

We use longitudinal individual wage and employment data for young people in France and the United States to investigate … States, and are mitigated by eligibility for special employment promotion contracts in France …

We estimate a model of the joint participation and mobility along with the individuals' wage formation in France. Our … using state of the art bayesian methods employing a long panel (1976-1995) for France. Our results clearly show that returns … rationale for this phenomenon. Specifically, in a low-mobility country such as France, there is little gain in compensating …

, Canada, and France. We argue that the same forces that led to falling real wages for less-skilled workers in the U ….S. affected similar workers in Canada and France. Consistent with the view that labor market institutions are more rigid in France … somewhat less in Canada, and did not fall at all in France. Contrary to expectations, however, we find little evidence that …