The conclusions of the Vickers Report, broadly accepted by the Uk government, put the country on the forefront of the reform movement affecting banking supervision. The traditional British light regulatory touch, this time, has given way to a decisive crackdown, mainly due to the effects of the...

After the crisis, it is necessary to promote in organizations a compliance cuIture in order to guide management behaviours. But also the choice of the supervision style by the Banking Union will be crucial in order to properly and effectively orient the relations between supervisors and...

In Italy the use of bond covenants is restrained by the predominance of SMEs, the significant role of relationship banking, the high costs related to public placements, the lack of investors‘ financial culture, the low amount of loans normally requested by each firm and the lack of liquidity...

This paper aims to stress the importance of market liquidity for the stability of the financial system, emphasizing the pivotal role played by liquidity risk in the development of the current financial crisis, pointing out the flaws of regulation and supervision and stressing the need for their...

The solutions of the financial crisis in Europe must necessarily involve the support to banks by governments and the coordinated action among supervisory authorities. But an important role can be played by a stronger cooperation between a small number of European countries who have common...

The financial crisis shows the limits of a fragmented surveillance scheme and points out the need of new architectures characterized by simplicity, applicability of rules, lower costs of compliance, lower conflicts of interests, absence of regulatory arbitrage and universality. For this purpose,...

Hedge funds are a complex investment instrument with a great variety of players, innovative operational features, non homogeneous target markets. Recent developments of their regulations in Europe and in the U.S. shows: the objectives of financial regulation and its related problems, the current...

In the euro Area, credit intermediation has a dominant role in the financing of businesses. As banks, we have great responsibilities, in order to identify the actions that are still to be taken to strengthen corporate equity. Among the possible measures to implement: the creation of incentives...

The Italian Government has introduced significant changes to the tax treatment of capital gains and other financial incomes. The new fiscal framework will impact on Italian financial markets in 2012 influencing investors’ choices.

The debate on the effects and risks of High Frequency Trading has not reached a definitive conclusion yet. In order to mitigate the negative effects, supervisory authorities have begun a policy instruments review, regarding stricter disclosure obligations for traders and microstructural...