After the crisis, it is necessary to promote in organizations a compliance cuIture in order to guide management behaviours. But also the choice of the supervision style by the Banking Union will be crucial in order to properly and effectively orient the relations between supervisors and...

In Italy the use of bond covenants is restrained by the predominance of SMEs, the significant role of relationship banking, the high costs related to public placements, the lack of investors‘ financial culture, the low amount of loans normally requested by each firm and the lack of liquidity...

This paper aims to stress the importance of market liquidity for the stability of the financial system, emphasizing the pivotal role played by liquidity risk in the development of the current financial crisis, pointing out the flaws of regulation and supervision and stressing the need for their...

The solutions of the financial crisis in Europe must necessarily involve the support to banks by governments and the coordinated action among supervisory authorities. But an important role can be played by a stronger cooperation between a small number of European countries who have common...

The financial crisis shows the limits of a fragmented surveillance scheme and points out the need of new architectures characterized by simplicity, applicability of rules, lower costs of compliance, lower conflicts of interests, absence of regulatory arbitrage and universality. For this purpose,...

In the euro Area, credit intermediation has a dominant role in the financing of businesses. As banks, we have great responsibilities, in order to identify the actions that are still to be taken to strengthen corporate equity. Among the possible measures to implement: the creation of incentives...

Italian Government has recently approved measures to promote the development of a bond market for small and medium-sized enterprises. The new rules have stimulated the launch of such instruments. Operators are now required to develop the best practices needed to complete the market

The financial crisis and the proposed changes in bank regulation seem to have inverted the trend of declining capital ratios and lower quality capital base which emerged from 2005 to 2007, especially for large Italian listed banks, and have stopped the generous dividend payouts. The recent...

Otc derivatives Counterparty risk has assumed a fundamental role within the risks assumed by Sifis, Sistemically Important Financial Institutions. Different Counterparty risk management procedures have been introduced by regulatory provisions and market best practices. Moreover, the European...

The Basel Agreements, designed to pursue financial stability, have been instead a cause of instability, revealing fundamental analytical and operational weaknesses. The idea to define a constant capital ratio through complex statistical models implies serious dangers. A radical change is...