Diversified and focused business models may affect foreign bank efficiency differently in branches or subsidiaries. We investigate whether there is a unique optimal business model in three dimensions: assets, funding and income. We apply recently developed bootstrap methods to estimate group...

This paper assesses and tests the response of banks operating in the financial centres to the financial crisis in terms of the actual productivity change and its main components: the pure efficiency change, scale efficiency change and technological change (innovation). The heterogeneity in the...

This paper assesses the productivity change of the French Technology Transfer Offices (TTOs) after the introduction of the July 1999 Innovation Law and the New Public Management Oriented Reform. By using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA)-based Malmquist Productivity Index, we find an average...