This paper focuses on the interactions between public debt policy and foreign exchange reserve management. We found that, although foreign currency debt issuance can contribute significantly to the growth of foreign exchange reserves, it can cause serious difficulties in the assessment of...

The global financial and debt crisis highlights the need for a better understanding of how fiscal and monetary policies interact. This article examines three aspects of these interactions, as seen from the perspective of the Czech National Bank. It first looks at the effects of fiscal policy on...

Russia introduced its inflation targeting regime in 2015. Subsequently, fiscal policy was changed with a view to reducing the economy's dependence on natural resource prices; these changes are known as “the fiscal rule”. At the same time, a financial stability policy and its instruments were...

This paper explores two important points regarding the Brazilian fiscal framework. The first part analyses the significant improvement of the fiscal stance in the last decade as the result of the promotion of fiscal discipline and debt management policies. This consolidation is argued to be one...

We evaluate the financial and real linkages between fiscal and monetary policy in Peru, and show that during the recent export commodity price boom, public finances supported the implementation of monetary policy. In particular, the reduction of the net public debt has translated into a greater...

This paper provides a first assessment of the Federal Reserve's recent Maturity Extension Program, dubbed Operation Twist 2. Despite the mere exchange of short-term for long-term Treasury securities, the announcement effect is comparable to the second Large Scale Asset Purchase programme...

Over the past decade, prudent fiscal management has served Thailand well in cushioning the impact of the global financial turbulence. However, going forward, fiscal risks which include a weakened global economic outlook, unbalanced fiscal structure and growing contingent liabilities may have...

Serious fiscal vulnerabilities arising from many years of high government/GDP ratios have created new and complex interactions between public debt management and monetary policy. Although their formal mandates have not changed, recent balance sheet policies of many central banks have tended to...

Unlike most central banks which target interest rates, Singapore runs an exchange rate-centred monetary policy framework, in which the Singapore Dollar Nominal Effective Exchange Rate (S$NEER) is the intermediate target of monetary policy. The S$NEER fluctuates within a policy band that is...

India's expansionary fiscal policy during the recent crisis resulted in higher government borrowing through 2008-09 and 2009-10. This borrowing requirement came in about 83% above the budget estimate in 2008-09, and 65% above the previous year in 2009-10. The debt-to-GDP ratio rose from 69%...