On 26-27 June 2008, the BIS held its Seventh Annual Conference on quot;Whither monetary policy? Monetary policy challenges in the decade aheadquot; in Luzern, Switzerland. The event brought together senior representatives of central banks and academic institutions to exchange views on this...

Policy normalisation in the major advanced economies affects emerging market economies (EMEs) through many channels, posing major challenges for their central banks. EMEs have adopted a policy toolkit including monetary, fiscal, exchange rate and macroprudential policies. Given many EMEs' high...

Unlike most central banks which target interest rates, Singapore runs an exchange rate-centred monetary policy framework, in which the Singapore Dollar Nominal Effective Exchange Rate (S$NEER) is the intermediate target of monetary policy. The S$NEER fluctuates within a policy band that is...

Russia introduced its inflation targeting regime in 2015. Subsequently, fiscal policy was changed with a view to reducing the economy's dependence on natural resource prices; these changes are known as “the fiscal rule”. At the same time, a financial stability policy and its instruments were...

This paper reviews the Peruvian experience in using FX intervention and reserve requirements for macroprudential purposes, with the aim of limiting the financial risks associated with dollarisation. Peru is a successful market-driven case of dedollarisation, which reflects both macroeconomic...

This note reviews the recent experience of the Hong Kong Monetary Authority's foreign exchange market operations and illustrates why such operations are a passive and mechanical process under the currency board arrangement. This note also discusses whether Hong Kong is well prepared for capital...

Foreign exchange intervention is an important tool for central banks in many emerging market economies (EMEs). Drawing on a recent survey of 21 EME central banks as well as inputs from their contributions published in this volume, this paper summarises the main issues with regard to FX...

This paper deals with the relationship between exchange rates and monetary policy in small open economies. I also discuss the connection between policy rates in small countries and in major advanced economies. A main point is that central bankers need to know whether the currency is...

The Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas (BSP) plays a key role in maintaining the financial system stability of the Philippines. While its primary objective is price stability, the BSP's clear monetary policy and financial stability frameworks have ensured that interactions between the two will remain...

Recent crises have clearly highlighted the importance of understanding macrofinancial linkages in order to mitigate the build-up of systemic risks to financial and macroeconomic stability, and sustainable economic growth. This note describes the role of macroprudential policy as an integral part...