Full substitutability and equal weighting principles of the human development index (HDI) have been found to be ineffective in determining appropriate HDI values and should therefore be dropped. An index can be devised with equal distribution of values of the component variables to correct HDI...

As a possible improvement to the United Nations' Human Development Index (HDI), we propose including in the set of individual variables some of an environmental or social nature. Thus, by rescaling all the variables non-linearly it is possible to mitigate the effect of outliers and synthesize by...