The Survey of Financial Competences (ECF) is a joint initiative of the Banco de España and the Comisión Nacional del Mercado de Valores (CNMV) aimed at measuring the financial competences of the adult population in Spain. Between 2016 and 2017, information has been collected for a large sample...

The role of parenthood in the gender pay gap has been extensively discussed in the literature. Using data from social security records, we adopt the methods used for other countries to evaluate the existence of a child penalty in Spain, looking at disparities for women and men across different...