​The paper concentrates on illustrating and assessing central banks' liquidity operations during the crisis that started in August 2007. In addition to the ECB, the central banks of Sweden, Switzerland, the United Kingdom, Australia, Japan, Canada and the United States are analyzed. During the...

In response to the Great Financial Crisis, the Federal Reserve and the Bank of England have adopted unconventional monetary policy instruments. We investigate if one of these, purchases of long-term government debt, could be a valuable addition to conventional short-term interest rate policy...

This paper analyses the international transmission of monetary policy in a case where all export prices are set in US dollars. 'Dollar pricing' implies that the international effects of US monetary shocks are different to those of European shocks because of asymmetric exchange rate pass-through...