We study the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic on productivity by matching firm performance outcomes with … led to a significant short-term decline in productivity predominantly driven by the within-firm growth component. A … non-viable firms. However, government subsidies appear to have had a limited effect on aggregate productivity developments. …

, productivity growth has been much higher in Europe than in the United States. Productivity levels are roughly similar in the … European Union and in the United States today. The main difference is that Europe has used some of the increase in productivity …