This paper examines the evolution of the Pillar 2 framework for banks, introduced by the Basel 2 Accord, and discusses the main issues at stake in the current policy debate. The main objective of Pillar 2 was to complement the minimum requirements established by regulators (Pillar 1) with...

We investigate the valuation risk affecting financial instruments classified as L2 and L3 for accounting purposes. These are instruments that are not directly traded in active markets and are often relatively complex, opaque and illiquid. There is a huge volume of L2 and L3 instruments in the...

After the crisis, bank regulators are considering mitigating liquidity risk by introducing quantity limits on liquidity and maturity mismatch. We argue that aggregate liquidity risk can be reduced with little deadweight loss by encouraging banks, through adequate regulatory relief, to satisfy...

Many studies have questioned the reliability of banks' calculations of risk-weighted assets (RWA) for prudential purposes. The significant divergences found at international level are taken as indicating excessive subjectivity in the current rules governing banks' risk measurement and capital...

In 2007 the new framework for capital adequacy of banks (Basel 2), defined in 2004 by the Basel Committee for Banking Supervision, will replace the 1988 Accord (Basel 1) in all major countries. In the last years the Committee has carried out several impact studies in order to simulate the...

This article presents a first insight on the carbon content of business loans in Italy, using three different methods to identify the sectors more exposed to transition risks. According to our estimates, the loans' carbon footprint of Italian banks is small compared to other European peers and...

The paper investigates whether there is sufficient empirical support in Italy for the introduction of a sectoral countercyclical capital buffer (CCyB) in the macroprudential framework. We study the sectoral decomposition of the credit-to-GDP gap over the period 1990Q1-2017Q2. Overall, our...

Italian Abstract: Il presente lavoro analizza i profili economici, contabili e prudenziali delle “cripto-attività” tipo bitcoin e illustra la regolamentazione delle piattaforme di scambio adottata nelle varie giurisdizioni. La letteratura esaminata mostra che questa particolare classe di...

This paper presents a statistical early warning system for less significant institutions (LSIs) under the direct supervision of the Bank of Italy. The model is calibrated on the basis of a wider definition of possible distress events, using the universe of Italian LSIs active in the period...