As much as 91% of India’s workforce of 475 million is informal, lacking social insurance. The latest effort on social security is India’s Social Security Code 2020, which merges eight existing laws. The paper finds the Code wanting by comparing it with the principles that should guide social...

Amidst the bleak picture of increasing joblessness and indebtedness presented by employment surveys and debt surveys, a minimum standard of living for India's poor seems to be under threat. The sudden exogenous shock of COVID-19 to the incomes of the poor has made the case of a minimum income...

Although India is one of the largest economies in the world, its skill challenges are huge. Despite the tremendous growth and diversification, over half of India's population lacks primary education. Only a fraction of people possess any formal or vocational education and training (VET). India's...

This is a study on pattrn of financing of elementary education by the State, by the household, size and characteristics of the private sector in elementary education as well aspotential for new reforms in public spending on elemetary education.

Within the last fifty years, most developing countries have made health and educational advances that took nearly two centuries in the industrialized countries. This book presents retrospective studies of ten developing countries that managed to exceed the scope and pace of social achievement of...