The following sections are included:IntroductionNew World Order and Power RebalanceNew Knowledge and SustainabilityRedefining Centre/Periphery and Global CitiesExpanding Historical Experiences of ModernitiesLand Policy, and Information and Communication Technology (ICT)Conclusion

The following sections are included:Why We Must Change: Four Critical IssuesThe Challenges Ahead

The history of public space is often the same history as discrimination and revolts. It is because public spaces are intended to be open-ended, in order for the public to enjoy and express themselves. In societies where the government is put in place and supported by its people, this same...

Seemingly, rising aspiration for common space and community life in many cities faces two counter currents: The receding and underperforming states in producing and reproducing public spaces, and the acceding private corporations to being the major producer of private spaces-public places. By...