China uses subsidies extensively to take a leading role in the global markets of green-tech products such as battery … electric vehicles and wind turbines. Against the background of the current EU investigations into Chinese subsidies in these … sectors, this article takes a careful look at the Chinese subsidy system and provides new data on direct government subsidies …

broadband infrastructure in rural areas of Germany. Such subsidies are subject to state aid control by the European Commission … subsidies complied with EU state aid rules, both in terms of effectiveness and competition. …

alter the allocation of Gazpromś gas sales between domestic and export markets. In this paper we use both theoretical and … for Gazprom to induce monopoly power in its export markets. Our main findings suggest that both increased domestic gas … low domestic prices, Gazprom may even have difficulties to carry out its long-term export commitments. However, if export …

. Turkey's sixteen most important export sectors are analysed. Emphasis is placed on the role of price competition, EU … protection, and transport costs in the export trade between Turkey and the EU. The empirical model used is an extended version of …