Little attention has been devoted to the effects of price dispersion at local and seasonal levels on the measurement of living standards in LDCs. In particular, it is not known if a substantial share of welfare or poverty is the consequence of price differences rather than of differences in...

Past attempts to generalise the Stolper-Samuelson Theorem have used a matrix of real income terms which is sufficient but not necessary to define a change in utility. In contrast, one can define a second matrix of terms which are necessary and sufficient for a change in indirect utility. Using...

Using data from several seasons in Rwanda, we test the indpendence between Laspeyres local and seasonal price indices and nominal living standards in Rwanda. the results show that the hypothesis of independence cannot generally be rejected in rwanda, although the choice of the adult-equivalence...