Little attention has been devoted to the effects of price dispersion at local and seasonal levels on the measurement of living standards in LDCs. In particular, it is not known if a substantial share of welfare or poverty is the consequence of price differences rather than of differences in...

Using data from several seasons in Rwanda, we test the indpendence between Laspeyres local and seasonal price indices and nominal living standards in Rwanda. the results show that the hypothesis of independence cannot generally be rejected in rwanda, although the choice of the adult-equivalence...

Comparing aid flows in the 1990s with those from the 1970s make it clear that there are now many more countries receiving what may be termed "high aid" (say in excess of 30 percent of GNP) and that there has emerged a group of countries receiving very high aid. Whilst never formally considered...