This paper studies the e¤ects of international openness and contracting institutions on verticalintegration. It …rst derives a number of predictions regarding the interactions between trade bar-riers, contracting costs, technology intensity, and the extent of vertical integration from a...

We prove that in a closed economy without distortionary taxation, the welfare of a representativeconsumer is summarized to a …rst order by the current and expected future values of the Solowproductivity residual in level and by the initial endowment of capital. The equivalence holds if...