indistinguishable, then congestion charges must be anonymous. Second, the time variation of congestion charges may be constrained. Do … if the time variation of congestion charges is unconstrained, then marginal cost pricing is feasible with anonymous … congestion charges. If, however, the time variation of congestion charges is constrained, optimal pricing with anonymous …

Consider an urban economy with two types of externalities, negative traffic congestion externalities and positive … toll is below the congestion externality cost. This paper explores this line of reasoning. …

Congestion: Coping with Externalities, Venice International University, San Servolo, July 18-19,2001. …