This paper evaluates the global welfare consequences of increases in mortality and poverty generated by the Covid-19 pandemic. Increases in mortality are measured in terms of the number of years of life lost (LY) to the pandemic. Additional years spent in poverty (PY) are conservatively...

In this article external orientation indicators for the Brazilian manufacturing industry are outlined. These indicators allow to better understand the changes on trade orientation during the 1990s and the effect of an external shock, considering both the revenue (external sales and domestic...