This paper, written as a keynote speech, is divided in two parts. The first part reviews the literature on industrial clustering focusing on policy implications. It argues that the theoretical complexity, which renders the subject difficult to formalize, and the want of empirical work do not...

This paper aims at contributing to the debate on industrial policy and economic development in Brazil. At first, theoretical approaches that support industrial policy-making are discussed, with emphasis on the neoschumpeterian/evolutionary approach, which focuses on innovation as prime mover of...

Conventional wisdom usually underestimates the important role of public research institutes and universities in successful cases of Brazilian economy. History of science and technology institutions shows a long-term process of formation of these institutions and their interactions with...