Multinational companies (MNCs) from different countries of origin are widely held to have distinct preferences regarding the presence of employee representative structures and the form that employee 'voice' over management decisions takes. Such preferences are said to derive from the national...

German companies, used to operating in their distinctive domestic business environment, have had to learn new 'rules of the game' as they have internationalized. There are signs that they are adopting some of the characteristics of more mature international companies, particularly those from an...

This paper examines the policies towards unions and collective representation in US multinationals in the UK. It uses detailed case-study data to argue that the dominant 'ideological norms' of anti-unionism in the US business system shape, but do not determine, the behaviour of US multinational...