monitors'). We review the literature on the relative merits of punishment and rewards when the distribution of incentive power … evidence showing how concentrating reward/punishment power in one group member affects cooperation. …

inclinations. The third pillar are sanctions meted out to anyone who does not cooperate; ideally punishment can work as a mere … findings, in particular with regard to punishment behaviour. The chapter concludes with remarks on future research. …

This paper investigates the efficacy of a punishment mechanism in promoting cooperative behaviour in a public goods … game when enforcement of punishment is uncertain. Experimental studies have found that a sanctioning system can induce … view that punishment needs to be exercised to be feared, otherwise the simple threat of it cannot be effective in promoting …

heterogeneity with respect to two dimensions: capability and valuation. Our results reveal that with and without punishment …

: that altruistic punishment can sustain cooperation. This paper extends their model in order to explain such recent findings …. It focuses on fear of punishment, not punishment itself, as the key mechanism to sustain contributions to the public good … differs, on average, in less than 5% compared to relevant experiments with punishment in the lab. …