In this paper, we conduct a comprehensive study of tests of mean-variance spanning. We provide both a comparison and a geometrical interpretation of three asymptotic tests (likelihood ratio, Wald, and Lagrange multiplier) of mean-variance spanning under the regression based framework of Huberman...

In this paper, we point out that the widely used stochastic discount factor (SDF) methodology ignores a fully specified model for asset returns. As a result, it suffers from two potential problems when asset returns follow a linear factor model. The first problem is that the risk premium...