This paper focuses on a single firm with constant returns to scale in a multi-period setting with incomplete markets and a single good per state. Profits vanish whenever the firm maximizes profits with respect to a given price system. The paper addresses the following question: Shall the firm...

Random utility models are widely used to study consumer choice. The vast majority of applications make strong assumptions about the marginal utility of income, which restricts income effects, demand curvature and pass-through. We show that flexibly modeling income effects can be important,...

This paper develops methods for evaluating marginal policy changes. We characterize how the effects of marginal policy changes depend on the direction of the policy change, and show that marginal policy effects are fundamentally easier to identify and to estimate than conventional treatment...