Average unemployment in Europe today is relatively high compared with OECD countries outside Europe. The majority of … countries in Europe today have lower unemployment than any OECD country outside Europe, including the US. These two fa cts are …), have very high unemployment and most of the rest have comparatively low unemployment. This variability is highly …

Institutions that serve the interests of an elite are often cited as an important reason for poor economic performance …. This paper builds a model of institutions that allocate resources and power to maximize the payoff of an elite, but where … any group that exerts sufficient fighting effort can launch a rebellion that destroys the existing institutions. The …