This paper compares financial assistance programmes of four euro-area countries (Greece, Ireland, Portugal, and Cyprus) and three non-euro-area countries (Hungary, Latvia, and Romania) of the European Union in the aftermath of the 2007/08 global financial and economic crisis-which were supported...

Standard simple-sum monetary aggregates, like M3, sum up monetary assets that are imperfect substitutes and provide different transaction and investment services. Divisia monetary aggregates, originated from Barnett (1980), are derived from economic aggregation and index number theory and aim to...

Was vor fünf Jahren für die meisten undenkbar schien, wird heute offen diskutiert: Die Europäische Währungsunion (EWU) bricht womöglich auseinander. Wird es tatsächlich geschehen und, wenn ja, wann? Die Antwort auf diese Frage hängt für viele Beobachter davon ab, ob und wie schnell...

The euro-area sovereign debt crisis is receding. Europe is on a recovery path, growth is broad-based and unemployment is falling. One after the other, countries hit hardest by the crisis are exiting their adjustment programmes. However, debt remains high in most countries and future debt crises...