voltage at AfDB sites, but have no impact at WB sites, suggesting monitoring and unbundling contracts may be substitutes …

This paper reviews the economic literature on the European Union's General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). I … highlight key challenges for studying the regulation including the difficulty of finding a suitable control group, variable firm … compliance and regulatory enforcement, as well as the regulation's impact on data observability. The economic literature on the …

Does interacting product and labor market regulation alter the impact of immigration on wages of competing native … labor market: one segment without product and labor market regulation, to which standard immigration models best apply, one … segment in which product and labor market regulation interact, and one segment covering intermediate groups of workers. We …

Does regulation affect the pace and nature of innovation and if so, by how much? We build a tractable and quantifiable ….4% lower due to the regulation, a 2.2% consumption equivalent welfare loss. Four-fifths of this loss is due to lower innovation … changes in the direction of R&D, and find that regulation's negative effects only matter for incremental innovation (as …

We analyze how an entry regulation that imposes a mandatory educational standard affects entry into self-employment and … Germany after reunification. Consistent with our expectations, we find that entry regulation reduces entry into self … changes after unforeseen economic shocks. -- Entry regulation ; self-employment ; occupational mobility …

efficiency arguments are questionable, because of the disemployment effects of strict regulation. Regulation is better explained … rationally desires strict regulation to divert rent from other groups such as the skilled workers and the unemployed. Legal … tradition. Given a predisposition to intervene, these countries begin with some degree of labour regulation, which then creates …

electricity prices to allow the utility to recover its prudently incurred costs, a process known as cost-of-service regulation …