Previous research has found identity to be relevant for international migration, but has neglected internal mobility as … labor market outcomes of migrants in China, the country with the largest record of internal mobility. Using instrumental …

Previous research on internal mobility has neglected the role of local identity contrary to studies analyzing … mobility in the world, closes the gap. Instrumental variable estimation and careful robustness checks suggest that identifying …

This paper examines the wage earnings of fully-employed previous refugee immigrants in Sweden. Using administrative … employer-employee data from 1990 onwards, about 100,000 refugee immigrants who arrived between 1980 and 1996 and were granted … overperformance is due to female refugee immigrants, who have-relative to their endowment-higher wages than comparable native …

full German censuses, 1970 and 1987. Utilizing the exogenous placement of immigrants during the recruitment era in the 1960 …s and 1970s we find that local co-ethnic concentration affects immigrants' ethnic identity. While residential ethnic … clustering strengthens immigrants' retention of an affiliation with their origin (minority identity), it weakens identification …