substitutes for native workers, we expect that the impact of immigration will be largest immediately upon the immigrants’ arrival … substitutes for natives because of their lack of local human capital, the initial effect of immigration is small, and the effect …, we do not find any effect of immigration on employment, neither in the short nor in the long run. …

In this paper we look at the effects of immigration and trade with Eastern Europe on unemployment in Austria. Using … immigration effect on unemployment duration. Within almost all subgroups there is a significant increase in the length of … unemployment spells as a result of increased immigration. Increased trade with Central and East European Countries (CEECs) seems to …