attention to the role of firms when discussing international trade. This paper summarizes key differences between trading and … non-trading firms, demonstrates how these differences present a challenge to standard trade models and shows how recent … 'heterogeneous-firm' models of international trade address these challenges. We then make use of transaction-level U.S. trade data to …

This paper examines the determinants of intra-firm trade in U.S. imports using detailed country-product data. We create … a new measure of product contractibility based on the degree of intermediation in international trade for the product …. We find important roles for the interaction of country and product characteristics in determining intra-firm trade shares …

International trade models typically assume that producers in one country trade directly with final consumers in … another. In the real world, of course, trade can involve long chains of potentially independent actors who move goods through … wholesale and retail distribution networks. These networks likely affect the magnitude and nature of trade frictions and hence …

the demand side (buyers) in international trade using a novel transaction-level dataset from Norway. Domestic exporters as … sellers and buyers and the variation of buyer dispersion across destinations. The paper develops a model of trade with … explaining trade patterns. …

This paper reviews the empirical evidence on firm heterogeneity in international trade. A first wave of empirical … findings from micro data on plants and firms proposed challenges for existing models of international trade and inspired the … multi-product firms, offshoring, intra-firm trade and firm export market dynamics. …

This paper examines the role of the burden of proof (BoP) in National Treatment (NT) disputes under trade agreements …