trade patterns in a historical dataset on Chinese rice prices. Our results suggest that spatial features were important for … the expansion of interregional trade. Geography dictates, first, over what distances trade was possible in different … the direction in which a trading network is expanding. Moreover, our analysis captures the impact of new trade routes both …

international technology diffusion; (ii) the importance of specific channels of diffusion, in particular trade and foreign direct …

for diffusion, which suggests that a substantial portion of international technology diffusion is unrelated to trade in …

for technology diffusion, how this has changed over time, and whether international trade, foreign direct investment, and … from the early 1970s to the 1990s. Third, I estimate that trade patterns account for the majority of all differences in …

In this paper, we provide aggregate trends in China’s trade performance from the 1840s to the present. Based on …, currently the world’s largest port. Shanghai began direct trade relations with western nations starting in 1843. By 1853 …, Shanghai already accounted for more than half of China’s foreign trade. In tracking the levels and growth rates of the city …

customs liberalizations and, more so, currency agreements improved trade possibilities. However, the impact of trains was …