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Migration was the major relationship between Mexico and the US and Turkey and Western Europe for most of the past half … century. Changes in both migrant-sending and –receiving countries aimed to substitute trade for migration. Mexico and Turkey … shrinking faster. There have been significant changes in Mexico and Turkey but, until more formal-sector jobs are created …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10009291598
We estimate the respective contributions of institutions, geography, and trade in determining income levels around the world, using recently developed instruments for institutions and trade. Our results indicate that the quality of institutions 'trumps' everything else. Once institutions are...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005667122
This Paper documents that the rise of (Western) Europe between 1500 and 1850 is largely accounted for by the growth of European nations with access to the Atlantic, and especially by those nations that engaged in colonialism and long distance oceanic trade. Moreover, Atlantic ports grew much...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005067437
Emerging world countries have experienced over the last two decades a significant change in their trade patterns. Bold trade reforms have been followed by rapid rises in international trade levels. However, despite these radical changes, we know remarkably little about how changes in trade...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011084500