This paper shows that technology licensing may be socially undesirable. Possibility of licensing increases the incentive for entry and thus, increases competition. If technology of the incumbent and entrant is sufficiently close, licensing-induced entry reduces social welfare. Otherwise,...

This paper shows the possibility of higher welfare under Cournot competitionin an asymmetric cost duopoly when the firms have the option for technology licensing.We find that if there is licensing with up-front fixed-fee, welfare is higher under Cournotcompetition compared to Bertrand...

This paper shows that although small or nancially constrained environmentalistgroups may be in a weak position, relative to polluting industries, in the directcompetition for political inuence, they can compete indirectly through changingpublic preferences over environmental quality. However, in...