reduce some forms of poverty and inequality but worsen others, so the net effects are unclear without empirical modeling … the remaining distortions to world merchandise trade on poverty and inequality globally and in various developing … for a sample of 15 countries, and ten stand-alone national case studies, all point to larger reductions in poverty …

rise in income inequality. Poverty has increased sharply with an estimated 18.5% of the population on incomes below the …

estimates of the impact of adjustment on poverty using household income and expenditure surveys currently available in LDCs. It … proposes the use of decomposable poverty indices as a tractable vehicle for calculating the impact of adjustment on overall … poverty. This framework does require, however, reasonably disaggregated data on income distribution. …