Labor market programs may affect unemployed individuals’ behavior before they enroll. Such ex ante effects may differ …

of capital for investments in jobs, which harms the position of job seekers, including new entrants to the labour market …

cost of capital for investments in jobs. Third, making shareholders the ultimate owner of the firm provides the best …

This Paper explores the optimal interaction between the tax system and unemployment compensation in insuring people … against the risks of involuntary unemployment and low ability. To that end, we introduce search unemployment in a model of … and the unemployment benefit) increases if, for efficient agents, the participation constraint (governing job search …

the recession and peaked at more than 1.5 million. Without the extensive use of short-time work, unemployment would have … been overcome and employment is strongly expanding, modified regulations governing shorttime work are still in place. This …

immigrants from outside of Europe for low-skilled jobs instead of competing with German natives. While Germany needs high …-skilled immigrants, our analysis suggests that the new EU8 immigrants only replace non-EU immigrants in low-skilled jobs. These results …

Germany. We establish that in the long run, high union membership levels coincide not only with a large labour force, but also … to workers. In the short run, union membership dynamics are mainly driven by changes in unemployment. In turn, changes in …

factor substitution between labour and polluting resources, a shift towards greener preferences boosts employment if labour … policy and involuntary unemployment are derived within a second-best framework in which lump-sum taxes and subsidies are not … available and labour supply is rationed due to a rigid consumer wage. In the absence of factor substitution more environmental …

employment probability about two months after unemployment entry. We observe a significantly lower employment probability for … natives and second generation migrants. We analyze an inflow sample into unemployment in Germany, and find differences between …

able to generate fragile equilibria. For instance, in this literature the natural unemployment rate is allowed to shift … over time depending on past unemployment. Actually, many European unemployment series seem to exhibit a unit root or … persistence. This view is questioned in the paper using German data on unemployment. A new class of time-series models, the …