probability to stop exporting during protection compared to unprotected firms. Finally, we find that the productivity of exporters …

indirect effects of foreign direct investment on measured firm level productivity depend on a number of firm specific features …

This paper estimates the effects of trade liberalization on plant productivity. In contrast to previous studies, we … distinguish between productivity gains arising from lower tariffs on final goods relative to those on intermediate inputs. Lower … output tariffs can produce productivity gains by inducing tougher import competition whereas cheaper imported inputs can …