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Competition, Entry, and the Social Returns to Infrastructure in Transition Economies

Aghion, Philippe; Schankerman, Mark - C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers - 1999

incentives for relatively low-cost firms to enter the market, and thus improves the efficiency of the entry process. The … among firms, the proportion of high-cost firms, the cost of restructuring, and entry costs for new firms. …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005667044

A Model Of Market-Enhancing Infrastructure

Aghion, Philippe; Schankerman, Mark - C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers - 2000

asymmetric firms, restructuring, and entry. We show how these welfare effects depend on the initial level of market development …, and restructuring and entry costs. The model generates an endogenous demand for infrastructure investment, and the … simulate the relative welfare effects of reducing transport, restructuring and entry costs, and we evaluate in each case the …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005656176

Trade Barrier Volatility and Agricultural Price Stabilization

Anderson, Kym; Nelgen, Signe - C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers - 2010

National barriers to trade are often varied to insulate domestic markets from international price variability. This paper explores the extent of that behavior by governments using estimates of agricultural price distortions in 75 countries. Newly estimated price transmission elasticities are...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10008692306

Novel Indicators of the Trade and Welfare Effects of Agricultural Distortions in OECD Countries

Anderson, Kym; Croser, Johanna L. - C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers - 2010

Agricultural markets in OECD countries have long been highly distorted by government policies. Traditional weighted average aggregates of the price distortions involved, such as producer and consumer support estimates (PSEs and CSEs), can be poor indicators of the trade restrictiveness and...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10008466338

Distorted Agricultural Incentives and Economic Development: Asia’s Experience

Anderson, Kym - C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers - 2008

Earnings from farming in many low-income countries have been depressed by a pro-urban bias in own-country policies, as well as by governments of richer countries favoring their farmers with import barriers and subsidies. Both sets of policies reduce national and global economic welfare. The...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005123883

Global Distortions to Agricultural Markets: New Indicators of Trade and Welfare Impacts, 1955 to 2007

Anderson, Kym; Croser, Johanna L.; Lloyd, Peter J - C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers - 2009

Despite recent reforms, world agricultural markets remain highly distorted by government policies. Traditional indicators of those price distortions can be poor guides to the policies’ economic effects. Recent theoretical literature provides indicators of trade- and welfare-reducing effects of...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005124247

Distortions to Agricultural Incentives in Australia Since World War II

Anderson, Kym; Lloyd, Peter J; Maclaren, Donald - C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers - 2007

Australia’s lacklustre economic growth performance in the first four decades following World War II was in part due to an anti-trade, anti-primary sector bias in government assistance policies. This paper provides new annual estimates of the extent of those biases since 1946 and their gradual...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005136689

Agricultural trade distortions during the global financial crisis

Anderson, Kym; Nelgen, Signe - C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers - 2012

The recent upward spike in the international price of food led some countries to raise export barriers. As in previous price spike periods, that response by some food-exporting countries was accompanied by a lowering of import restrictions by numerous food-importing countries. Both actions...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011084659

Expanding the Welfare System: A Proposal for Reform

Orszag, Mike; Snower, Dennis J. - C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers - 1997

This proposal involves the establishment of ‘welfare accounts’ for every person in a country. There are four accounts: a retirement account (covering pensions), an unemployment account (covering unemployment support), a human capital account (covering education and training), and a health...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005661484

Competition and Quality in Regulated Markets: a Differential-Game Approach

Brekke, Kurt Richard; Cellini, Roberto; Siciliani, Luigi; … - C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers - 2008

We investigate the effect of competition on quality in regulated markets (e.g., health care, higher education, public utilities) taking a differential game approach, in which quality is a stock variable. Using a Hotelling framework, we derive the open-loop solution (providers commit to an...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005504502